Web
The web, short for World Wide Web, is a network of hyperlinked documents accessible via the internet through a browser using DNS, URLs, HTTP and HTML.
Web Apps
Progressive Web Apps (aka PWAs) are websites that can be installed as standalone apps on mobile or desktop.
Mobile
techcrunch.com/2024/02/15/apple-confirms-its-breaking-iphone-web-apps-in-the-eu-on-purpose
9to5mac.com/2024/03/01/apple-home-screen-web-apps-ios-17-eu
Desktop
Firefox: pwasforfirefox.filips.si
Decentralized Web
def: withdrawn from a center or place of concentration; especially having power or function dispersed from a central to local authorities
The web has a constantly evolving network topology that'll never be truly centralized or decentralized. Its current popular use is quite centralized.
DNS
Registrars: www.icann.org/en/accredited-registrars
TLDs: data.iana.org/TLD/tlds-alpha-by-domain.txt
Record Lookup
┌─────────────────┐
│ Browser / Agent │
└──────┬──▲───────┘
│ │
Domain name: example.com │ │ IP address: xxx.xxx.xxx.xx
│ │
1 ┌─────▼──┴─────┐ 6
┌─────┤ DNS Resolver ◄─────┐
│ └▲────┬──▲────┬┘ │
┌────────────▼┐ │ │ │ │ ┌┴──────────────┐
│ Root Server ├─────┘ 3│ │4 └─────► Domain Server │
└─────────────┘ 2 │ │ 5 └───────────────┘
┌────▼──┴────┐
│ TLD Server │
└────────────┘
Semantic Web
The Semantic Web In Depth Aaron Swartz, 2001
Social Web
IndieWeb
ActivityPub
Threads, Instagram & Facebook (Meta)
Twitter → X &
Bluesky (AT Protocol)
Nostr
Solid
Tor
Onion
See Canopy ID.